The first attempts at creating improved high yield (HY) steel for submarine construction involved modifying high tensile steel (HTS), such as HY-42, so named because the yield strength is 42,000 psi (or 42 ksi). repeated dives), there would be a fatigue limit under the yield strength, which further reinforces the need for high strength steels. In particular, because a submarine hull experience fatigue from cyclic loads (i.e. In general, due to hydrostatic pressure increasing with depth, a submarine hull's steel strength greatly determines how deep the submarine operates. Now, after WW2, there was an impetus for deeper diving submarines in order to avoid most sonar detection methods and take advantage of the endurance offered by nuclear propulsion. For example, on the Iowa, the weather deck and the outer hull plating stakes by the belt are both 1.5" (38 mm) STS, while the backing plate of the belt armor is 0.875" (22 mm) STS. US Navy and Carnegie Steel revised and improved STS in the 1930s, and this improved STS was extensively used in warship structure to improve protection or reduce weight. However, the armor fell out of use by the Japanese due to a shortage of nickel, which lead the Japanese to experiment with alloying copper with iron to create alternatives such as CNC (copper-included non-cemented), which had protective properties approaching STS. Furthermore, the 1910 STS formula was actually sold to Japan, which viewed the armor favorably. Anyways, STS has excellent protection properties as homogeneous armor, while also being ductile enough to be used as structural steel. Interestingly, vanadium was no longer used after 1914. Special Treatment Steel (STS) was originally developed by Carnegie Steel around 1910 as a homogeneous Krupp-type nickel-chrome-vanadium alloy-steel that would offer an improvement over the nickel steel armor at the time. Well, given that STS is a pretty frequently-discussed item in this game, I figured that it would be good to write a brief little history of STS and how its lineage can be found even in steels that we see today.
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